Fill in the blank: Data professionals use data _____ to handle issues related to internal and external data flows while ensuring data assets are formally managed.

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Data governance is the practice of setting up and enforcing policies, roles, and standards to manage data as an asset. It oversees how data is collected, stored, shared, and protected across internal and external flows, ensuring data assets are formally managed, quality and privacy requirements are met, and accountability is clear.

The phrase fits because governance covers the overarching rules and processes for data handling, not just how data is discovered (data catalog), traced (data lineage), or the structural model for governance (governance framework). A data catalog helps locate and understand data assets, but it doesn’t by itself govern usage or flows. Data lineage shows where data came from and how it transformed, useful for transparency but not the broad management of data as an asset. A governance framework provides the structure for governance, but the daily practice of managing data assets and their flows is the governance itself.